The 86th Hiroshima University Biomass Evening Seminar
(The70th Hiroshima University ACE Seminar)was held
Date & Time: Mon.13 Jul., 2020 16:20-17:50
Place: Engineering 110 Lecture Room, Higashi-Hiroshima Campus, Hiroshima University
<Program>
Commentary: Yukihiko MATSUMURA
Professor, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University
Lecture: Shinnosuke MIYASAKO
M1 student, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University
“Behavior of organic phosphorus in hydrothermal treatment”
This experiment was conducted to confirm the mineralization characteristics of phosphatidylcholine under hydrothermal treatment condition. In this study, I conducted the experiment using phosphatidylcholine dissolved in water (concentration is 1.0 wt%). It is organic phosphorus mainly contained in sewage sludge belonging to waste biomass. The experimental equipment was continuous reactor consisting of SUS316 1/8 inch tube and 1/16 inch tube. In addition, the experiment was conducted by changing the conditions of residence time and reaction time.
Lecture: Hajime TAGAMI
M1 student, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University
“The reaction behavior of glyceraldehyde under hydrothermal conditions”
Hydrothermal treatment is drawing attention because it has various uses such as pretreatment of biomass and acquisition of useful substances, and it is an environmentally friendly method that uses only water. However, if the temperature or pressure changes, the reaction that occurs in the hydrothermal reaction field and the reaction that is accelerated also differ, so it is important to know how the temperature and pressure affect the reaction. In this study, the gas and liquid products obtained by reacting glyceraldehyde at a temperature of 300 ℃ and pressures of 15, 20 and 25 MPa for 1 to 40 s were analyzed to determine the reaction rate constant.
Lecture: Kanta OGAWA
M2 student, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University
“Detection of Formic Acid Using In-Situ Mass Spectrometry in Hydrothermal Reaction Field”
Hydrothermal reaction field is often employed for biomass conversion, but due to its high temperature and pressure, it is not easy to detect the chemical species in the reactor. Products are often analyzed after cooling down and depressurization, but the possibility of reaction during these steps cannot be denied. Thus, in-situ mass spectrometry has been proposed to directly analyze the chemical species in the reactor. However, so far this technology can be applied only to temperature lower than 250 . In this study, we improved the operation so that analysis from the reactor temperature or 400 is successfully conducted. Decomposition of formic acid was observed.
Lecture: Akira WAKI
M1 student, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University
“Exploration of marine chitin-degrading flora from estuarine sediments and production of VFAs“
Chitin is a polysaccharide composed of n-acetylglucosamine. Since it is the second most abundant biomass in the natural after cellulose, it is a promising renewable resource with industrial potential. However, since it is an insoluble and hard-to-decompose polymer having a very hard structure, it cannot be decomposed by generally industrially used microorganisms such as Escherichia coli and yeast. Therefore, in this study, we exploration the marine chitin-degrading flora that efficiently decomposes chitin and produces volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and examined the properties of the flora.
Chair: Yukihiko MATSUMURA
Professor, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University