The 88th Hiroshima University Biomass Evening Seminar was held.
(The72th Hiroshima University ACE Seminar)
Date & Time: Mon.28 Sep., 2020 16:20-17:50
Place: Engineering 110 Lecture Room, Higashi-Hiroshima Campus, Hiroshima University
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Commentary: Yukihiko MATSUMURA
Professor, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University
Lecture: Sin Sokrethy
M1 student, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University
“Rice Straw and Rice Husk as a Biomass Resource for Rural Electrical Grid in Cambodia “
Cambodia is a developing country in which 80% of the population relies on rice farming (Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), 2013). The annual disposal from rice farms is considered as an excellent resource to install biomass grid for generating electricity. The purpose of this study is to find the approximated amount of residue, rice straw, and rice husk, and using the Indicator Index of Resource (IIR) to show the levels of resource in Geographic Information System program (GIS). Another purpose is to find the possibility of electricity producing and CO2 emission saving from the available resource in the study case area of three provinces of Cambodia, Bantey Meanchey, Batam Bong, and Pursat.
Lecture: Tran Dang Xuan
Associate Professor, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University
“Impacts of Mainstream Hydropower Dams on Fisheries and Agriculture in Lower Mekong Basin”
This paper discusses the fishery and agricultural sectors of the Lower Mekong Basin and focuses on the downstream floodplains of Cambodia and Vietnam. The dam construction has caused greater losses of biodiversity and fisheries than climate change in the LMB. The reduction of 276,847 and 178,169 tons of fish, 3.7% and 2.3% of rice, 21.0% and 10.0% of maize will contribute to a decrease of 3.7% and 0.3% of the GDP of Cambodia and Vietnam, respectively. Lao PDR may benefit the most revenue from electricity generation than the other country in the LMB, as most of the proposed dams are projected in the country. Cambodia burdens 3/4 of the reduction of total capture fishery destruction, whilst Lao PDR, Thailand, and Vietnam endure the remaining 1/3 losses.
Lecture: Pattraporn Changsuwan
D3 student, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University
“The effect of addition of different concentration of acetic acid on guaiacol conversion in supercritical water”
The effect of acetic acid, an organic radical scavenger, on the conversion of guaiacol in supercritical water gasification by changing the concentration of radical scavenger was investigated. The mixture of guaiacol and acetic acid was conducted at temperature 600 C and pressure 25 MPa and fixed concentration of guaiacol at 0.5 wt% in continuous flow reactor. At lower concentration of radical scavenger, the small amount of solid product (char and tar) was produced because the radical reaction to form high molecular weight was decreased. While the amount of solid product was zero at concentration of radical scavenger higher than 0.2 wt% and the excess amount of radical scavenger prefer to form intermediate compound and decompose into gas product. The results show that acetic acid is an important radical scavenger for suppress solid formation in gasification of guaiacol due to it inhibit the radical to form high molecular weight structure.
Chair: Yukihiko MATSUMURA
Professor, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University