The 64th Hiroshima University Biomass Evening Seminar
(The33rd Hiroshima University ACE Seminar) was held.
Date & Time: Mon .7 May., 2018 16:20-17:50
Place: Engineering 110 Lecture Room, Higashi-Hiroshima Campus, Hiroshima University
<Program>
Commentary: Yukihiko MATSUMURA
Professor, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University
Lecture: Shuhei IJI
M1 Student,Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University
“Processing of high salinity organic with marine sediment”
High salinity organic matter is a promising feedstock for anaerobic digestion (methane fermentation) that is a technology producing methane from organic matter using microorganisms because it contains high water content. We found that marine sediments are useful microbial resource for anaerobic digestion of high salinity organic matter because of their salt tolerance. In this study, possibility of microorganisms in marine sediment to high salinity organic was investigated. As the result, it was suggested that anaerobic digestion was successful in various food industry wastes such as Miso.
Lecture: Yuto ICHIHARA
M2 Student,Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University
“Decomposition product from algal biomass by hydrothermal treatment and the effect of catalyst”
Algal biomass has a huge amount, carbon neutral and storage. But the decomposition product from algal biomass hasn’t been reported. That’s why the purpose of this study is to indicate the decomposition product of Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina as algal biomass treated by hydrothermal treatment and catalyst. The experimental condition, residence time was set at 60 min, temperature was 200, 250 and 300 ℃, catalyst was no catalyst, H2SO4, KOH. In the sample, gas sample was analyzed by GC, liquid sample was analyzed by CHNS, and solid sample was observed by SEM. After treatment, the cells of these biomasses were most destroyed under 300 ℃, KOH.
Lecture: Rahmat Iman MAINIL
D2 Student, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University
” Mechanism of Retroaldol Conversion in Supercritical Water “
Most of studies about behaviour of biomass as model compound under supercritical condition still leave some unclear mechanism which were explained by unknown total organic carbon (TOC) remained. Glyceraldehyde as a simple model compound can be utilized to understand the detail mechanism of retro aldol products which were believed as major products found in decomposition of xylose under hot compress water. In this study, glyceraldehyde was dissolved in deionzed water and then heated in the temperature range of 350-450 °C at 25 MPa in a continous reactor. High-performance liquid comatography was used to identify componds in the liquid effluent. The intermediates observed in this study were retro-aldol products (glycolaldehyde, formaldehyde, dihydroxyacetone, and acetaldehyde). The reaction kinetics were determined by assuming all reaction are first-order. Arrehenius behaviour was used to classify the reaction as free-radical reactions (showing Arrehenius behaviour in supercritical region) and as ionic reactions (not showing Arrehenius behaviour in supercritical region).
Lecture: Hiroki YOKOYAMA
M1 Student,Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University
“Specification and Quantitation of Fermentation Inhibitor for Hydrothermal Pulverization Pretreatment Using Disk Mill ”
The objective of this research is specification and quantitation of fermentation inhibitor in the liquid sample that was obtained by hydrothermal pulverization pretreatment. This pretreatment was conducted using 1.0-2.0, 2.0-2.8, 2.8-3.3, 3.3-4.0 mm particles of eucalyptus. The liquid samples were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography and I checked acetic acid and formic acid was detected.
Chair: Yukihiko MATSUMURA
Professor, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University